Filesystem check failed on the data partition

The issue

At every boot, Home Assistant checks the integrity of its storage partitions. This check did not complete successfully on the data partition. This can mean the filesystem is corrupted, in which case files may be missing, unreadable, or in an inconsistent state. After an unexpected power loss, the check can also be interrupted during boot without anything being damaged.

The data partition stores your configuration, automations, apps, and backups. This is most commonly caused by an unexpected power loss or a failing storage device (such as an SD card, USB drive, or eMMC).

The solution

Try rebooting your system first. If the check was only interrupted, it runs again and the issue goes away. The filesystem check may also be able to repair minor corruption automatically on the next boot attempt. You can reboot by going to Settings > System > Hardware, opening the menu in the top right corner, and selecting Reboot system.

If the system is still accessible after rebooting, create a full backup immediately and download it to another device before doing anything else.

If the issue persists, you can wipe and reformat the data disk from the local terminal (a monitor and keyboard connected to your Home Assistant device) by running the command below. Note that this deletes all user data, automatically reboots your system, and reinstalls the Home Assistant components, so you will need to restore from a backup afterwards. If the underlying cause is a failing storage device, this may not resolve the issue permanently.

ha os datadisk wipe

If the data partition is on a failing physical device, move it to a new one before restoring your backup. You can do this from Settings > System > Storage.

Once the data partition is ready, restore from your backup.

To reduce the risk of this happening in the future, always shut down Home Assistant cleanly rather than cutting power, and keep regular backups stored on a separate device.